Applications
Where flanges are used in data center cooling
A liquid-cooled data center moves heat from the chips to the atmosphere through a chain of water circuits. The flange specification changes along the way, from carbon steel waterworks flanges at the cooling towers to clean 316L at the rack manifolds.
- Condenser water
Heat rejection
Cooling towers, dry coolers, condenser water pumps.
A105 · A350 LF2
AWWA C207 · B16.5 Cl 150
FF to cast iron pumps - Chilled water
Chiller plant
Chillers, primary and secondary pumps, headers.
A105 · 304L · 316L
B16.5 · B16.47 · PN16
WN, SO, blind - Facility water system
Facility water
Mains from the plant to the white space and CDUs.
A105 or 304L/316L
B16.5 Cl 150 · EN 1092-1
4 to 48 in mains - FWS to TCS
Coolant distribution unit
Heat exchanger between facility water and the IT coolant.
316L · 304L
B16.5 Cl 150 · PN16
Pickled and passivated - Technology cooling system
Technology cooling
Row manifolds to racks and cold plates.
316L stainless
Class 150 WN, SO, lap joint
Clean, PMI checked
Systems
Chilled water systems
Plant rooms, headers and facility water mains. A105 and stainless, Class 150 and PN16.
CHW · FWSCondenser water and cooling towers
Large, low pressure mains to towers and dry coolers. A105, LF2 and AWWA C207.
CW · heat rejectionCoolant distribution units
Stainless flanges and stub ends for CDU builders and skid fabricators.
CDU · FWS to TCSTechnology cooling system (TCS)
The clean secondary loop to the racks. 316L, pickled and passivated, crevice-free joints.
TCS · SFN · DLCWhat changes from loop to loop
| Factor | Heat rejection and chilled water | Facility water to CDUs | Technology cooling system |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fluid | Treated water, sometimes glycol | Treated water or glycol | Inhibited water or PG25 |
| Wetted metal | Carbon steel common | Carbon or stainless steel | Stainless steel and copper alloys only |
| Usual standard | B16.5 Cl 150, B16.47, AWWA C207 | B16.5 Cl 150, EN 1092-1 PN16 | B16.5 Cl 150, EN 1092-1 PN16 |
| Cleanliness | Normal construction practice | Flushed and treated | Pickled, passivated, flushed to low conductivity |
Read the guide to facility water and technology cooling loops for the definitions behind this table.